Discover the main types of tinnitus and best ways to get relief

Millions of people experience ringing in the ear, also known as tinnitus. Some suffer only for a short period, others much longer, for weeks, months, and sometimes even years. Although it is difficult to say precisely how many people hear occasional or long-lasting ringing, roaring, buzzing in the ear, the problem is widespread.

While the blanket term "ringing in the ear" gives the impression that everyone experiences the condition the same way, in reality, tinnitus has many different types. Depending on the type, treatment may be different.

For some people, tinnitus is barely noticeable, while it can become almost debilitating for others. Although scientists have a good understanding of the types and possible causes of tinnitus, there is no known cure for it.

Before we go into detail about the various tinnitus types, let's touch on what causes tinnitus in the first place.

What are the most common causes of tinnitus?

Doctors do not know with certainty what causes the sensations of ringing in the ear. This uncertainty is why it is important to get your ears checked by a hearing professional. For instance, an audiologist can determine if your auditory system is damaged or if there are other possible causes for your hearing troubles.

Some of the most common causes are:

• Earwax buildup
• Certain prescription drugs
• Exposure to excessively loud noise
• Jaw joint dysfunction (TMJ)
• Chronic muscle strain
• Cardiovascular disease
• A tumor that creates pressure on the arteries in the neck and head

The main types of tinnitus include subjective tinnitus, objective tinnitus, somatic, sensory and neurological tinnitus.

Subjective tinnitus

Of all the different types, this is the most common form. It is generally a consequence of loud noise exposure. If you have subjective tinnitus, you are the only person who can hear the sounds.

In mild cases, subjective tinnitus disappears quickly. For some, it comes and goes with varying lengths and intensities. Severe cases can last from three months to twelve months, sometimes even longer. When the internal noises overpower external sounds, your ability to concentrate can suffer. 

Audiologists often recommend hearing aids as a means to play calming noise. Doing this can help distract from the hissing, buzzing, and ringing sounds.

Objective tinnitus

Objective tinnitus affects much fewer people. It is a rare form caused by vascular deformities or involuntary muscle contractions. The good news is that when doctors manage to treat the underlying cause, the sounds in the ear go away.

The big difference between subjective and objective tinnitus is that the objective form can be heard by people other than the affected person. Furthermore, this is the only type that can potentially be fixed in its entirety.